Detergent Dispensing Device

ABSTRACT

A free standing detergent dispensing device removably insertable into an automatic washing machine, the device comprising a cartridge having a plurality of chambers to accommodate a detergent composition, a directing means to direct wash liquor selectively into a chamber of the cartridge to contact the detergent composition therein and a common outlet from all of the chambers to allow the detergent loaded wash liquor to exit the device, wherein the outlet only permits substantially uni-directional flow.

The present invention is related to a detergent dispensing device,particularly for dispensing said detergent into an automatic dishwashingor washing machine over a plurality of washing cycles.

In automatic dishwashing machines, the detergent, whether in powder,tablet or gel form, is usually filled manually by the user into themachine, in particular into a detergent holder, before each dishwashingoperation.

This filling process is inconvenient, with the problem of exact meteringof the detergent and possible spillage thereof, for powder and geldetergents. Even with detergents in tablet form, wherein the problem ofaccurate dosing is overcome, there is still the necessity of handlingthe dishwashing detergent every time a dishwashing cycle is started.This is inconvenient because of the usually corrosive nature ofdishwasher detergent compositions.

A number of devices are known for holding unit doses of a detergentcomposition or additive, such as detergent tablets, and for dispensingof such unit doses into a machine.

WO 01/07703 discloses a device for the metered release of a detergentcomposition or additive into a dishwashing machine having a number ofseparate sealed chambers for holding the detergent composition oradditive and means for piercing the chambers, activated by conditionswithin the machine.

WO 03/073906 discloses a free standing device for dispensing multipledoses of detergent into a dishwasher. The device has a plate-likeconstruction. A round blister pack having a plurality of doses arrangedaround its periphery is loaded into the pack. A winder is then rotatedto load mechanical energy into the device sufficient to dispense morethan one dose of detergent. A thermally operated latch then moves whenthe device is subjected to the elevated temperatures within thedishwasher and, in cooperation with a ratchet mechanism, moves theblister pack so that the next dose of detergent is ready for dispensing.In order to dispense the detergent, either the blister pack is pierced,or the dose is ejected from its compartment within the blister pack.

WO 03/073907 discloses a similarly shaped free standing dispensingdevice. In order to dispense detergent, a lever is manually operated tomove a blister pack either to eject the detergent from a compartmentwithin the blister pack, or to pierce the blister pack. A door or flapinitially prevents wash liquor within the machine from accessing theexposed detergent. A bi-metallic strip is provided to move the door orflap when the device is exposed to the elevated temperatures during awashing cycle to allow access of the wash liquor to the exposeddetergent thereby dispensing the detergent to the machine.

The present invention is related to a development of these free standingdevices.

According to the present invention there is provided a free standingdetergent dispensing device removably insertable into an automaticwashing machine, the device comprising a cartridge having a plurality ofchambers to accommodate a detergent composition, a directing means todirect wash liquor selectively into a chamber of the cartridge tocontact the detergent composition therein and a common outlet from allof the chambers to allow the detergent loaded wash liquor to exit thedevice, wherein the outlet only permits substantially uni-directionalflow.

The provision of a device with a common outlet from a number of chamberswhich permits uni-directional flow ensures that there is no significantback flow of wash liquor into a chamber which has not been selected.Thus, by contrast with the prior art, there is no need to use a sealedblister-pack arrangement. Instead, the chambers need not be sealed asthe wash liquor is prevented from accessing them. This has an advantagein that the cost of the cartridge can be significantly reduced. Also,the manner in which a chamber is selected can be made simpler and morerobust as there is no need to pierce the compartment or eject thetablet.

The outlet may be provided with a uni-directional valve to allow theuni-directional flow. However, the outlet is preferably provided with atortuous path to allow the uni-directional flow as such a path can bereadily built into the device during its manufacture, e.g. by moulding.Preferably the outlet has a plurality of baffles which serve to deflectliquid entering the outlet back out of the outlet.

Preferably, the cartridge is spaced from the outlet. Thus, should asmall amount of wash liquor enter the outlet, this will be accommodatedin the space thereby preventing it from entering an unselected chamber.

The directing means may be any mechanism for selectively exposing achamber to the wash liquor within the machine. Preferably, however, thedirecting means has an opening which is selectively alignable with eachchamber. For example, the directing means may comprise a film comprisingthe opening which is moved linearly or rotatably into alignment with achamber. However, preferably, the directing means comprises a spoutwhich is rotatable into alignment with an opening to a respectivechamber. This spout is preferably designed to block access of the washliquor to unselected chambers.

Preferably, the device is provided with a funnel leading to thedirecting means. This increases the amount of wash liquor which can bedirected into a selected chamber.

The directing means or cartridge may be movable manually. In otherwords, the movement is fully controlled by a user. Alternatively, thedevice may be fully automatic i.e. proceed to dispense a number of dosesin successive wash cycles without any user intervention as disclosed,for example, in WO 01/07703 and WO 03/073906. Alternatively, the devicemay be “semi-automatic”. In this case, some user intervention isnecessary either to move the directing means or cartridge which are thenreset during operation of the machine. Alternatively, the user may resetthe directing means or cartridge which are then moved during operationof the machine.

In the case of the automatic or semi automatic device, the device ispreferably arranged to react to a parameter (e.g. pH, waterconductivity, water mass, door operation) which occurs during theoperation of the machine.

Preferably, the device contains a thermally reactive element and theparameter is temperature. The thermally reactive element may be any of amemory metal/memory alloy, thermal bimetal, bimetal snap element, shapememory polymer or wax motor. The element is preferably designed to reactat between 25° C. and 55° C. (more preferably 38° C. to 40° C. Theelement may be designed to react as soon as possible which may benecessary if the device has been reset manually and must be movedautomatically. However, if the device has been moved automatically andis reset by the thermal element, the thermal element preferably has ahistorisis effect. This delays the operation of the thermal element toensure that the device is not reset during the early part of the washcycle of the machine, but is only reset once the machine has carried outthe full washing process.

This can be achieved in a number of different ways.

The first with a thermal element may be designed such that it has ahysteresis (time and/or temperature based). Thus the thermal element isactivated at the start of the wash cycle. However, (for a temperaturehysteresis effect) the thermal element is designed such that thedecreasing temperature between the wash cycle(s) and the rinse cycle(s)is not sufficient to de-activate the element, and so re-activation atthe start of the rinse cycle cannot occur. In this case the thermalelement preferably has an activation temperature of around 38° C. to 45°C. and a de-activation temperature of around 25° C. to 33° C.

For a time hysteresis effect the thermal element is designed such thatit can only be activated once during a dishwasher cycle. Typically from30 minutes to 2 hours.

A simulated temperature hysteresis effect may be achieved by providing ajacket around the thermal element. The jacket is intended to fill withhot wash liquor from the wash cycle. The jacket preferably has a smalloutlet aperture. The small outlet aperture means that during therelatively cool period between the wash and rinse cycle(s) the jacketretains the majority of the hot wash liquor, meaning that the thermalelement is not de-activated during this cooler period.

A further hysteresis effect may be achieved mechanically. In this case,by use of, for example, a double ratchet mechanism, the thermal elementis allowed to react to both of the temperature changes. However, adouble ratchet mechanism means that only the first activation cyclecauses a change to the opening of a chamber of the device; the secondactivation is nullified by the second ratchet.

For the wax motor the melting and solidification behaviour of the waxitself can be used for the hysteresis, because certain wax types showslow solidification compared to melting.

Also for the wax motor the hysteresis effect may be achieved by an watercollector (having a small/slow water release aperture) which preventsthe wax motor from the second movement by the weight of the collectedwater. The water collector preferably empties over 20 minutes to anhour.

If the chambers contain both wash detergent and rinse aid with bothbeing intended to be released in to their respective cycle(s) theactivation of the thermal element at both cycle(s) is advantageous.

Generally the automated component includes a reset mechanism to coverthe eventuality that a consumer disrupts the operation of the automaticwashing machine during a washing cycle.

In the case of either the manually operated device, or the“semi-automatic” device, the manually operated mechanism may either beconfigured to be operated by the hand of a user, or may be configured tobe operated by the door of the machine.

Either the directing means or the cartridge may be arranged to bemovable to select a dose of detergent. However, preferably, thedirecting means is arranged to be movable as this requires less energythan moving the cartridge filled with detergent.

Preferably, the cartridge is removable from the device to allow thecartridge to be sold as a replaceable component which is inserted intothe device in which the directing means is provided.

The device is preferably for use in an automatic dishwasher. Accordinglythe detergent most preferably comprises an automatic dishwasherdetergent. Examples of which include conventional detergents, and the‘2-in-1’ and ‘3-in-1’ variants. Most preferably the detergent comprisesa solid. In the context of the present invention the term solid can betaken to include solidified gels as well as conventional solid materials(such as compressed particulate materials and solidify molten/crosslinked materials).

The detergent formulation typically comprises one or more of thefollowing components; builder, co-builder, surfactant, bleach, bleachactivator, bleach catalyst, enzyme, polymer, dye, pigment, fragrance,water and organic solvent.

Optionally the detergent comprises a detergent additive. It will beappreciated that a detergent additive when compared to a detergent maybe required during a different section of the dishwasher wash cycle(e.g. such as the rinse cycle for a rinse aid detergent additive).

Indeed successive chambers of the cartridge may be filled with differentdetergent compositions. For example a first chamber, intended to bedispensed in a wash cycle of a dishwasher may contain a ‘washformulation’ and a second chamber, which may for convenience be locatedadjacent to the first chamber, may contain a rinse aid formulation fordispensing in a rinse cycle of an automatic dishwasher.

The chamber may be divided into sub-chambers, each of them being exposedto the washing liquor at once, to ensure stability of incompatibleingredients of the detergent (i.e. enzymes and bleach).

It will be appreciated that in the scenario as described in thepreceding paragraph the first and second chambers may be sizeddifferently to suit their different purposes.

The detergent may be added to the cartridge by any suitable method. Thedetergent may be added to the cartridge manually, by casting or byinjection moulding.

A suitable injection moulding process is described in British PatentApplication No 0323659.3 and British Patent Application No 0415786.3.

Preferably the device includes an indication mechanism to show how manychambers of the cartridge remain (i.e. are still full of detergent) sothat a user has an idea of when a replacement is required. A preferredform of an indication mechanism comprises a marking on the cartridgewhich can be viewed by a consumer. The marking may comprises a series ofnumerals arranged in association with one or more of the chambers of thecartridge. Such a marking may require a window in order to be viewed bya consumer. Optionally the marking may be associated with a fixed markerso that the relevant part of the marking is clearly indicated.

Optionally the marking may employ a colour scheme (e.g. along the linesof a traffic light system with red meaning that only a small number ofchambers remain, yellow an intermediate number and green a large numberof chambers remain.

Generally the device includes an “end-of-life” indicator to show whenthe cartridge has been used. Normally the “end-of-life” indicatorprovides two functions: firstly it high-lights to the consumer that thecartridge needs replacing and secondly it prevents further activation ofthe cartridge.

The “end-of-life” indicator may be a part of the indication mechanism(as discussed above). Alternatively it may comprise a separateindicator.

Usually the “end-of-life” indicator is deactivated when anew/replacement cartridge is added to the device. The deactivation maybe automatic or require manual input.

Examples of devices in accordance with the present invention will now bedescribed with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGS. 1( a), 1(b) and 1(c) are perspective, exploded perspective andcross-sectional side views of a first embodiment of a detergentdispensing device in accordance with the present invention;

FIGS. 2( a) to 2(c) are perspective and cross-sectional perspectiveviews of a second embodiment of a detergent dispensing device inaccordance with the present invention;

FIGS. 3( a) to 3(d) are perspective and cross-sectional perspectiveviews of a third embodiment of a detergent dispensing device inaccordance with the present invention;

FIGS. 4( a) to 4(e) are perspective and cross-sectional perspectiveviews of a fourth embodiment of a detergent dispensing device inaccordance with the present invention;

FIGS. 5( a) to 5(e) are perspective and cross-sectional perspectiveviews of a fifth embodiment of a detergent dispensing device inaccordance with the present invention;

FIGS. 1( a) to 1(c) show a detergent dispensing device 1. The device 1comprises a housing 2 which is in the form of a cylinder having a lid 3and a base 4.

Disposed within the housing 2 is a cartridge 5. The cartridge 5 is alsobased on a cylinder. The cartridge 5 has a central hub 6 and an outerperiphery 7. Arranged at regular intervals are a plurality of limbs 8which extend from the hub 6 to the periphery 7. The limbs 8 serve as todivide the centre of the cartridge 5 into a plurality of wedge shapechambers 9. The limbs 8 extend up to lid 3 so as to separate thechambers from one another. In the diagram as shown there are fourteenchambers 9 clearly it will be appreciated that the number of changes maybe different from that shown.

The chambers are intended to be filled with a detergent composition (notshown).

The periphery 7 of each chamber 9 has a plurality of drainage apertures10.

The lid 3 is rotatable relative to the remainder of the housing 2 andthe cartridge 5. The lid 3 has a spindle 11 which co-operates with thehub 6 of the cartridge 5. The lid incorporates a inlet aperture 12,which serves, in use, as to direct wash liquor into a particular chamberof the cartridge 5.

In use the lid is arranged such that the inlet aperture 12 is arrangedadjacent to an appropriate chamber 9. This may be done entirely manuallyor by the use of an automatic component as described in later examples.The device 1 may then be inserted into an automatic washing machine(such as an automatic dishwasher). In use the wash liquor is directedthrough the inlet aperture 12 into an adjacent chamber 9. The incomingwash liquor contacts any detergent present within the chamber 9 andwashes the detergent out of the chamber 9 through one of the drainageapertures 10. The thus loaded wash liquor flows through the spacebetween the cartridge 5 and the housing 2 and leaves the housing 2through a uni-directional dispense aperture 13, which is, in use, in thebottom of the housing.

As shown the uni-directional dispense aperture 13 achieves this functionby an arrangement of baffles 14, these baffles 14 allow the detergentloaded liquor to be dispensed from the device 1 under the action ofgravity. However any wash liquor entering the device 1 through aperture13 is generally deflected back through aperture 13 by the baffles. Thegeneral downward flow through the device also serves to wash out anysuch unwanted flow. A clearance is provided between the bottom of thecartridge 5 and the base 4 so that the detergent in unselected chambersis held away from the liquid in the bottom of the housing (eitherunwanted backflow or flow through the selected chamber).

FIGS. 2( a) to 2(c) show a second embodiment of a detergent dispensingdevice 1. Like the first embodiment the housing 2 and the cartridge 5are circular/cylindrical. The housing 2 has a clip 2A for attachment toa basket within the machine to maintain the device upright. Thecartridge has a similar configuration to that of the first example, withthe differences being set out below. The main difference compared to thefirst example is that the manually rotatable lid 3 has been replaced bya more sophisticated mechanism.

The cartridge 5 is not rotatable relative to the lid 3. Instead to allowaccess of wash liquor to the chambers 9 the device comprises acollecting funnel 21 which co-operates with a rotatable directing spout22.

In operation incoming wash liquor is collected in the funnel 21 andallowed to flow to the directing spout 22. The directing spout 22 has aspout outlet 23 which directs wash liquor to a single chamber 9. Forsuccessive wash cycles/successive operations both the funnel 21 and thedirecting spout 22 are rotated relative to the cartridge 5 so that asuccessive chamber 9 can be accessed.

To effect rotation of the funnel 21 a user depresses an operating button24 against a bias spring 25. Upon depression of the operating button 24,lugs 26, on arms 27, dependent from the button 24 engage with slots 28disposed within a central opening of the funnel 21. The button 24 isnon-rotatably mounted in the lid 3 and since the slots 28 are inclinedat an angle from the vertical axis of the hub 6, depression of thebutton 24 causes rotation of the funnel 21 (and the associated directingspout 22) within the housing 2 supported on bearing wheels 21A.

The rotation of the funnel 21 within the housing 2 is such that asuccessive chamber 9 of the cartridge 5 may be accessed by incoming washliquor, (i.e. the slots 28, the lugs 26 and the arms 27 are arrangedsuch that full depression of the operating button 24 causes rotation ofthe funnel 21 such that a successive chamber 9 is brought into anoperational position).

To aid the user in knowing how many chambers of the cartridge 5 remainthe lid 3 includes a window 29. Through the window 29 a user can view aportion of the funnel 21. The viewed portion preferably containsnumerals associated with the number of the chamber 9 in use or number orchambers 9 remaining (i.e., chambers 9 which still contain detergent).

The bias spring 25 preferably comprises a bimetallic material. In use,when the button 24 is depressed before the wash cycle commences, thebutton 24 does not return to its original position. This non-returnfunction aids the prevention of accidental multiple operation of thedevice 1. Towards the end of the wash cycle as the temperature increasesin the rinse and/or drying cycle, the spring 25 is activated returningthe button 24 to its original position.

When the button 24 returns to its original position, reverse rotation ofthe funnel 21 is prevented by two mechanisms. Firstly, a ratchetmechanism (not shown) prevents rotation. Secondly, preferably the arms27 are resilient, such that on upward movement the arms bend inwards anddo not engage the slots 28.

When the last chamber 9 of the cartridge 5 is placed in its operationalposition the directing spout 22 engages an ‘end-stop’ so that the funnel21 cannot rotate any further. In this position if the button 24 isoperated the lugs 26 simply ride over the slots 28 by virtue of flexingof the arms 27.

When the last chamber 9 has been used the cartridge 5 can be replaced bya user.

As is apparent from FIG. 2 c, the cartridge 5 is configured differentlyfrom that of FIG. 1. In particular, the inlet 5A to each chamber 9 is nolonger at the end wall of the cartridge, but is instead at the top of aradially inwardly facing wall facing the hub 6 so as to be aligned withthe spout 22. A weir 5B is provided between the inlet 5A and thedetergent 5C to prevent small amounts of water which may be directed toan unselected chamber 9, from coming into contact with the detergent. Inplace of the axially spaced drainage apertures 10 is a single aperture5D in the bottom face of the chamber. In order to assist the generalflow of the wash liquor through the chamber 9, there is a space 5Ebetween the radially outermost edge of the detergent 5C and the innerwall of cartridge 5. Further, one or more axially extending throughholes 5F are provided in the detergent to facilitate flow.

Also, to provide a uni-directional flow out of the bottom of the device,the outlet 13 is now towards the outer periphery of the device and isradially offset by considerable amount in relation to the outlets 5D.Also, baffles 14 will direct any unwanted back flow through outlet 13.

FIGS. 3( a)-3(d) show a third embodiment of a detergent dispensingdevice 1. Like the first and second embodiments the housing 2 and thecartridge 5 are circular/cylindrical. This device has a similar spoutand cartridge to that of the second embodiment. However, the manner inwhich the button is operated is different.

The device 1 has a directing spout 22 in the form of a ratchet (thedirecting spout 22 preferably co-operates with a collecting funnel 21(not shown but as described in FIGS. 2 a to 2 c). The directing spouthas a spout outlet. In operation incoming wash liquor is collected inthe funnel and allowed to flow via the directing spout to a singlechamber 9. For successive wash cycles/successive operations thedirecting spout 22 is rotated relative to the cartridge so that asuccessive chamber 9 can be accessed.

The operation is explained with reference to a sequence of events fromFIGS. 3( b) to 3(d). The button 24 is designed to be operated byengagement with a dishwasher door rather than the hand of an operator asin FIGS. 2 a to 2 c. This device will need to be positioned within themachine so that the door presses the button as it closes.

In FIG. 3( b) the dishwasher door is open and the dishwasher is cold. Inthis state the user can fill the dishwasher with houseware, opening andclosing the dishwasher door as often as is necessary to fully load thedishwasher.

The first time that the dishwasher door is closed the operating button24 is depressed (the button 24 is spring biased away from the device)and is retained in a depressed condition by virtue of a first arm 30A(see FIG. 3( c)).

A first arm 30A operates in conjunction with a bimetallic strip 31. Thebimetallic strip 31 is in the form of a blade mounted on the lid 3. Thebimetallic strip 31 has a rod 32 extending from its non-mounted end.

The first arm 30A terminates in a flange 33.

When the door is closed (thus moving the button 24 towards the device 1)the arm 30A is moved inward towards the bi-metallic strip 31. The flange33 passes behind and engages the rod 32. This engagement locks theoperating button 24 in position: further opening of the dishwasher doorcannot cause movement of the button 24.

As shown in FIG. 3( d) the dishwasher operation has begun. As a resultof the operation (elevated temperature) the bi-metallic strip 31 isaltered to its high temperate state. This has the effect that the rod 32moves away from the first arm 30A until it no longer engages flange 33.

As the flange 33 is no longer engaged by rod 32 the arm 30 a movessideways. The operating button 24 is now free to move once thedishwasher door is opened. Thus when the dishwasher door opens thebutton 24 is moved away from the device by a return spring (not shown).

A second arm 30B (attached to the button 24), in the form of a leverpawl engages the directing spout 22. Outward movement of the button 24,and attached arm 30B caused further movement of the directing spout 22.In this way the orientation of the directing spout 22 is altered suchthat a new chamber 9 of the cartridge 5 is put in to an operationalposition for the next dishwasher cycle.

If the dishwasher is not open for some time (and thus cools down)re-engagement of the rod 32 and the flange 33 (potentially caused by themovement of the bimetallic strip 31 back to its low temperatureconfiguration) is prevented by the movement of the arm 30A past the rod32.

A third arm 30C provides a biasing force against the spout 22 to preventreverse rotation of the spout when the second arm 30B is disengaged fromthe spout.

When all the chambers 9 of the cartridge 5 have been used furthermovement of the directing spout 22 (and hence the cartridge 5) isprevented by engagement of a lug (not shown) on the directing spout 22with a pawl (not shown).

FIGS. 4( a) to 4(e) show a fourth embodiment of a detergent dispensingdevice 1.

The fourth embodiment is very similar to the third embodiment. Only thematerial differences will be described in detail. Again, the detergentcartridge is as described previously.

The main differences are the operation of the arms 30A and 30B and theoperation of the bimetallic strip 31.

The operation is explained with reference to a sequence of events fromFIGS. 4( a) to 4(e).

In FIG. 4( a) the dishwasher is cold and the dishwasher door is open.

In FIG. 4( b) the dishwasher door is closed. The arm 30B engages thedirecting spout 22 and rotates the directing spout 22, bringing a newchamber 9 of the cartridge 5 into an operating position.

Also shown in FIG. 4( b) a flange 33 on arm 30A engages a rod 32 in thelid 3. This engagement of the flange 33 with the rod 32 prevents furthermovement of the button 24, in the event that the dishwasher door isopened, e.g., during the wash cycle.

The device 1 comprises a bimetallic strip 31 in the form of a bent rod,the rod being looped around and mounted around a first mounting 34 a andabutting against a second mounting 34 b.

During the wash cycle as the temperature in the machine increases thebimetallic strip 31 changes to its high temperature configurationpassing arm 30A and dropping down behind it to engage the flange 33(FIGS. 4( c) and 4(d)).

As the machine cools after the wash cycle the bimetallic strip 31returns to its low temperature configuration. In doing so it disengagesthe flange 33 from the rod 32 (FIG. 4( e)). With the disengagement thebutton 24 is free to move away from the device 1. Thus the arm 30B ismoved relative to the directing spout 22 such that the device 1 is readyfor the next operation.

FIG. 5( a)-5(e) show a variant of a thermal control arrangement that canbe used with a device of the present invention.

The arrangement comprises an operating button 24 (which can be manuallyoperated or door operated) linked to an arm 30. The arm 30 may operatean element of the device 1 or may simply provide a restriction on theoperation of the button 24. The arm has a heel 36.

A bimetallic element 31 (here in the form of a snap disc) has a frame 37associated therewith.

The frame 37 comprises an arm 38 and a jaw 39.

The frame arm 38 is connected to the centre of the snap disc 31. Along aportion of the frame arm 38 is disposed a pivot 40. At the other end ofthe frame arm 38 is the jaw 39.

The jaw 39 is disposed around the heel portion 36 of the arm 30. The jaw39 has a lower tooth 41A and an upper tooth 41B which are intended tointeract with the heel 36. The upper tooth 41B is disposed further fromthe pivot 40 than the lower tooth 41A.

In use the button 24 is depressed against a spring bias 25. This causesmovement of the arm 30 relative to the jaw 39 such that the heel 36engages at the lower tooth 41A (against a spring bias 42). As a resultof this engagement the button 24 is retained in its activated positionregardless of whether the dishwasher door is opened and/or a userattempts further activation.

As the dishwasher machine operates the temperature of the dishwasher andhence the overall device 1 increases. With this temperature increasedthe snap disc 31 alters to its high temperature configuration. Thisalteration raises the section of the frame arm 38 which is connected tothe snap disc 31. The other end of the frame arm 38 is lowered (pivotingabout axis 40) and thus the jaw 39 is lowered. This has the effect thatthe engagement of the heel 36 with a lower tooth 41A is severed. Theheel 36 then engages the upper tooth 41B, the heel being pushed towardsthe upper tooth 41B by the spring bias 42.

As the dishwasher cycle is completed and the dishwasher cools (possiblyaided by opening of the dishwasher door) the snap disc 31 reverts to itslower temperature configuration. This has the effect that the uppertooth 41B is raised away from the heel 36 until the heel 36—upper tooth41B engagement is broken.

Since the heel 36 encounters no further retaining force the spring biasworking against the button 24 is able to push the button 24 back to itsinactivated position.

1. A free standing detergent dispensing device adapted to be removablyinsertable into an automatic washing machine, the device comprising acartridge having a plurality of chambers adapted to accommodate adetergent composition, a directing means to direct wash liquorselectively into a chamber of the cartridge to contact the detergentcomposition therein and a common outlet from all of the chambers toallow the detergent loaded wash liquor to exit the device, wherein theoutlet only permits substantially uni-directional flow.
 2. A deviceaccording to claim 1, wherein the outlet is provided with a tortuouspath to allow the uni-directional flow.
 3. A device according to claim1, wherein the outlet has a plurality of baffles which serve to deflectliquid entering the outlet back out of the outlet.
 4. A device accordingto claim 1, wherein the cartridge is spaced from the outlet.
 5. A deviceaccording to claim 1, wherein the directing means has an opening whichis selectively alignable with each chamber.
 6. A device according toclaim 5, wherein the directing means comprises a spout which isrotatable into alignment with an opening to a respective chamber.
 7. Adevice according to claim 6, wherein the spout is arranged to blockaccess of the wash liquor to unselected chambers.
 8. A device accordingto claim 1, wherein the device is provided with a funnel leading to thedirecting means.
 9. A device according to claim 1, wherein the directingmeans or cartridge are movable manually to select a subsequent chamber.10. A device according to claim 1, wherein the directing means orcartridge are automatically movable to select a subsequent chamber. 11.A device according to claim 1, wherein user intervention is necessaryeither to move the directing means or cartridge which are then resetduring operation of the machine.
 12. A device according to claim 1,wherein user intervention is necessary to reset the directing means orcartridge which are then moved during operation of the machine.
 13. Adevice according to claim 1, wherein the device is arranged to react toa parameter which occurs during the operation of the washing machine.14. A device according to claim 13, wherein the device contains athermally reactive element and the parameter is temperature.
 15. Adevice according to claim 9, wherein the device is configured to beoperated by the hand of a user.
 16. A device according to claim 9,wherein the device is configured to be operated by the door of themachine.
 17. A device according to claim 1, wherein the directing meansis arranged to be movable and the cartridge is stationary.
 18. A deviceaccording to claim 1, wherein the cartridge is removable from thedevice.